What is Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) and how does this 3D printing process work?

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is the most widely used 3D printing technology worldwide. In this article, we'll tell you what FDM is, its benefits, and how it works.

What is Fused Deposition Modeling/FDM 3D Printing?

Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM for short, is a 3D printing process in which thermoplastics or metal powders are applied in layers and fused together. This technology is used by professional designers as well as hobbyists.

In the FDM process, a plastic or metal filament is melted and then pressed through an extruder onto a printing plate. The extruder head, in which the nozzle is installed, moves along the x and y axes to enable the filament to be applied in layers. Once a shift is completed, this process is repeated until the 3D object is completed.

What are the benefits of Fused Deposition Modeling?

By applying thin layers, the FDM process is ideal both for the production of prototypes, models and spare parts as well as for small series.

FDM offers numerous advantages over other 3D printing processes, which make it a popular choice for 3D printing manufacturing:

• Cost effectiveness: FDM is relatively inexpensive compared to other 3D printing processes.
• Easy to use: The technology is easy to use and requires no special training.
• Wide range of materials: FDM can work with a wide range of plastics, making it a flexible process
• Speed: FDM enables rapid production of prototypes and small series in the shortest possible time.
• Precision: The process offers a high level of accuracy, which means that very detailed models and spare parts can be produced.

How does fused deposition modeling work?

FDM is a 3D printing process in which plastics are melted and then applied to a surface in thin threads (filaments). The computer-controlled movement of the filament and the print head ensures that the plastic is applied in the desired shape.

Before printing the object, a 3D model is first created, which is divided into a series of layers, so-called “slices”. These slices are now built up step by step using the printer until the desired object is completed.

FDM is a very flexible process here, as it is suitable both for the production of complex geometric shapes and for purely functional parts. In addition, various plastics can be mixed together, which can produce specialized properties.

Where is Fused Deposition Modeling used?

FDM is particularly suitable for the production of prototypes and small series. As a result, it is increasingly being used in industry to test new designs and thus be able to bring new products to market in the shortest possible time.

Some areas of application of FDM include

• Prototypical components,
• Small series production of components or other products,
• Pieces of furniture and furnishings,
• Toys and model making,
• Medical devices and prostheses, and
• Packaging materials.

However, FDM offers countless other applications and enables the rapid and cost-effective production of a wide range of objects.

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